Poland

Summary
Poland has moderately reduced its overall digital dependence over the study period. The DDI value declined from approximately 0.70 in 2010 to 0.65 in 2023, with some fluctuations. Dependence on ICT patents remained at the maximum value (1.0), while reliance on foreign platforms decreased in the first half of the period before returning to very high levels (around 0.99 by 2023). Poland reduced its dependence on trade in ICT services, with values falling from 0.52 in 2010 to 0.40 in 2023. Dependence on trade in ICT goods fluctuated around 0.50, ending slightly below its 2010 level.

Policies
In reaction to the security challenges and cyber attacks, Poland updated its digital policies between 2020 and 2026, fostering its Cyber Defence Forces. After originally adopting a policy for AI development in 2020, the government updated its strategy in 2025, aligning it with the EU AI Act. In the same year, the updated „Cloud Computing Cybersecurity Standards” included subsidies for local alternatives to enhance national self-reliance.