Indonesia

Summary
Indonesia witnessed a dramatic surge in its digital dependence. In 2023, its DDI value lies barely below the high-dependency threshold at 0.81, up from 0.68 in 2010. The overall increase can be primarily attributed to the growing reliance on imported ICT services (from 0.47 to 0.66) as well as that on foreign platforms (from 0.84 to 0.97), while trade in ICT goods also registered an uptick from 0.55 to 0.67. Indonesia has been completely reliant on foreign patents (1.00) throughout the period surveyed. Its very high bilateral dependence on Chinese ICT goods (average 0.95) indicates a strong preference, as Indonesia enjoys significantly more independence from American ICT goods (0.15).

Policies
A key policy for Indonesia was its “National Cybersecurity Strategy”, enacted in 2023: The strategy aims to protect vital national infrastructure and improve cybersecurity policies. In 2022, the country began construction of its first national data centre, the “Pusat Data Nasional” (PDN).