Egypt

Summary
The overall DDI value indicates a stable level of dependence for Egypt (from 0.70 in 2010 to 0.71 in 2023) and places the country at the level of medium dependence. A closer look reveals that the level of dependence varies greatly across dimensions. While Egypt shows a stable and high level of dependence in the sectors of patents and platforms, the country has heavily decreased its dependence on the trade of ICT goods (0.98 in 2010 to 0.71 in 2023). However, the bilateral dependence on Chinese ICT goods remains extremely high, with values close to 1.00 in every year since 2010.

Policies
Two projects stand out amongst Egypt’s digital policies between 2020 and 2026: Firstly, the “National Cybersecurity Strategy”, which aims at building national self- reliance across the spheres of infrastructure and software. Secondly, Egypt launched a sovereign Arabic large language model (LLM) in 2026, making sure that sensitive data and hosting responsibilities stay within the country. Karnak Chat will provide specific applications across the Arab societies.